Blood oxygen saturation is the percentage of the capacity of oxyhemoglobin bound by oxygen in the blood to the total capacity of hemoglobin that can combine with oxygen, that is, the concentration of blood oxygen in the blood, which is an important physiological parameter of breathing and circulation.
Blood oxygen saturation represents the health of the human
body and can reflect the health of the human respiratory system and
cardiovascular system. It plays a vital role in the prevention and diagnosis of
human diseases. Therefore, blood oxygen saturation monitoring has a significant
meaning to human beings.
Because of the different volumes in our tissues and organs, it is hard to measure the spo2 level with a non-invasive method. In clinical, we use the arterial blood spo2 level for reference. The arterial oxygen saturation is 98%, and venous blood is 75%.
In addition, arterial oxygen saturation monitoring can also estimate the oxygen-carrying capacity of pulmonary oxyhemoglobin, which can directly reflect the respiratory function of the lungs. It is a dangerous signal to the human when the spo2 level is below 90%.
It is easy to cause symptoms, such as fatigue and sleepiness, lack of energy, and memory loss with a lower spo2 level. Long-term insufficient blood oxygen content will also cause damage to the brain, heart, and other organs. If the brain continues to lack oxygen, it will lead to the death of nerve cells and affect the function of other systems, which is life-threatening.
Aggravated hypoxia or acute hypoxia causes the loss of the sense of direction and motor coordination, and in severe cases, disturbance of consciousness, coma, and even death will occur.
Like the brain, the heart is an organ that consumes a lot of oxygen and has a high metabolic rate.
When the heart is mildly hypoxic will cause symptoms such as heartbeat rhythm disorder and palpitation. In chronically hypoxic, arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation or even arrest will occur. Severe hypoxia in the heart can lead to cor pulmonale and heart failure.
Daily, we can estimate the heart rate with the pulse. But we have to use specific tools to measure the blood oxygen saturation.
The most accurate method requires arterial blood collection. But arteries are usually located deep in the extremity in high blood pressure. It is not an ideal way to collect arterial blood.
The medical industry has done a lot of research on the non-invasive measurement method of blood oxygen saturation and invented oximetry.
In addition, extensive studies have confirmed that monitoring blood oxygen saturation has important guiding significance for the treatment of cardiovascular disease and estimating prognosis.
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